The recommended daily intake for some of the dietary minerals for children 4-6 years

Recommended Daily Intake of Dietary Minerals for Children Aged 4-6 Years

As children transition into early childhood, specifically between the ages of 4 and 6 years, their nutritional needs become increasingly important to support their rapid growth and development. This stage is marked by significant physical activity, cognitive development, and the onset of more structured learning environments. Below are the recommended daily intake levels for essential dietary minerals necessary for children in this age group:

Potassium: 1150 mg
- Potassium is critical for maintaining fluid balance, proper muscle contractions, and healthy nerve function. It also plays a key role in regulating blood pressure. Adequate intake is essential for active children, as it helps support their energy needs during play and exercise. Foods rich in potassium that are suitable for this age group include bananas, potatoes, avocados, oranges, and leafy greens.
Calcium: 800 mg
- Calcium is vital for the development of strong bones and teeth, making it especially important during these formative years. It aids in muscle function, nerve signaling, and blood clotting. Good dietary sources of calcium include milk, yogurt, cheese, fortified plant-based milks, and leafy green vegetables such as kale and broccoli.
Phosphorus: 440 mg
- Phosphorus works synergistically with calcium to build and maintain healthy bones and teeth. It also plays a role in energy production, DNA synthesis, and cell function. Foods that are high in phosphorus include meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, nuts, and legumes, which should be included in a well-rounded diet for children.
Magnesium: 230 mg
- Magnesium is essential for bone health, energy production, and proper muscle and nerve function. It also supports a healthy immune system and contributes to normal heart rhythm. Sources of magnesium for young children include whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes, and green leafy vegetables.
Iron: 7 mg
- Iron is crucial for the formation of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood, and is important for cognitive development and energy levels. Young children are particularly prone to iron deficiency, so it is important to include iron-rich foods in their diets. Recommended sources include lean meats, fortified cereals, beans, lentils, and spinach.
Zinc: 5.8 mg
- Zinc plays a key role in immune function, growth and development, and wound healing. It is also important for DNA synthesis and supporting taste and smell. Foods rich in zinc suitable for this age group include meats, dairy products, nuts, seeds, and whole grains.
Copper: 400 mcg
- Copper is important for iron metabolism, the formation of red blood cells, and maintaining healthy bones and connective tissues. It also supports the immune system and has antioxidant properties. Dietary sources of copper include organ meats, seafood, nuts, seeds, and whole grain products, all of which can be introduced to children as they expand their diets.
Iodine: 100 mcg
- Iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, growth, and development. Ensuring adequate iodine intake is crucial for supporting cognitive function. Good sources of iodine include iodized salt, seafood, dairy products, and eggs, which can be integrated into children’s meals.
Selenium: 25 mcg
- Selenium acts as an antioxidant, helping to protect cells from damage, and is important for immune function and thyroid health. Foods that provide selenium suitable for children include Brazil nuts (in small amounts), fish, dairy products, and whole grain breads.
Fluorine: 1 mg
- Fluoride is important for dental health, as it helps strengthen tooth enamel and prevents cavities. It is crucial to monitor fluoride intake to avoid dental fluorosis, especially as permanent teeth begin to emerge. Fluoride can be obtained from fluoridated drinking water and toothpaste.
Manganese: 1 mg
- Manganese is involved in bone formation, metabolism, and antioxidant functions. It supports normal growth and helps protect cells from oxidative stress. Foods that provide manganese include whole grains, nuts, leafy green vegetables, and tea, which should be introduced in appropriate quantities.
Molybdenum: 20 mcg
- Molybdenum is required in trace amounts for various enzymatic reactions, particularly those involved in the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids. It can be found in foods such as legumes, grains, and nuts, playing a minor yet essential role in a child’s diet.

For children aged 4 to 6 years, meeting these recommended daily intakes of essential minerals is crucial for supporting their active lifestyles, healthy growth, and cognitive development. A balanced diet that includes a variety of nutrient-dense foods from all food groups will help ensure that children receive the necessary minerals to thrive during this important developmental stage.

Data from: 1.Tervise Arengu Instituut. toitumine@tai.ee; 2.Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (ODPH), Table E3.1.A4. Nutritional goals for each age/sex group used in assessing adequacy of USDA Food Patterns at various calorie levels;